Grade 3 (class 3) is the big multiplication year. Children learn what multiplication means, use arrays and properties as strategies, solve word problems, and are expected to know every fact up to 10 × 10 from memory by the end of the year. Division is learned alongside, as the reverse of multiplication.
3.OA.A.1: interpret 5 × 7 as 5 groups of 7.
3.OA.A.3: solve word problems with equal groups, arrays and measurement.
3.OA.A.4: find the missing number in a multiplication or division equation.
3.OA.B.5: use the commutative, associative and distributive properties.
3.OA.C.7: know all products of two one-digit numbers from memory.
3.NBT.A.3: multiply one-digit numbers by multiples of 10 (9 × 80).
Still skip counts for facts like 6 × 7 by spring. Teach one strategy per fact family: add a group to the 5s, double the 3s. See multiplication strategies.
Knows facts in order but not mixed up. Use mixed flash cards and the 1-minute speed test instead of reciting tables.
Adds in word problems (“4 bags of 6” = 10). Draw the bags first, then write the multiplication.
A low score is information, not a verdict. Most gaps close with ten minutes a day on the right skill.
A 3rd grade word problem, solved
A baker puts 6 muffins in each box. How many muffins fit in 8 boxes?
8 groups of 6 is 8 × 6. Use a strategy: 8 × 5 = 40, plus one more 8 makes 48. So 48 muffins. Check with the turn-around: 6 × 8 is double 3 × 8 = 24, which is 48.
By the end of grade 3, all facts up to 10 × 10 from memory, plus the meaning of multiplication, the properties, missing factors, word problems and multiplying by multiples of 10.
How can I help my 3rd grader with multiplication?
Learn one table a week with its trick, practice for 5 minutes a day, and use the speed test once a week to see progress.
Is there a 3rd grade multiplication quiz?
Yes. The quiz at the top of this page has 10 mixed 3rd grade questions, marked one at a time with a hint for every mistake. Play again for a fresh set, or try the full multiplication quiz for every grade.
What is class 3 multiplication?
Class 3 in India and grade 3 in the US cover the same multiplication skills, listed in order on this page: what multiplication means, arrays, properties, × 0 and × 1.
How much multiplication practice does a 3rd grader need?
About 10 minutes a day: 5 minutes of facts (trainer or speed test) and 5 minutes on the current skill. Short daily practice works better than long weekly sessions.